Budget-Constrained Search

A consumer with diminishing marginal utility in consumption, who can search for lower prices, will balance the gains from spreading consumption evenly through time against the bene ̄ts of delaying consumption until lower prices are revealed. Optimal programs of consumption, savings and price are characterized for a general formulation of this problem. Intertempo- ral substitutability is measured by relative-risk aversion. That relative-risk aversion that is small is su±cient for the intuitive solution: As the best current price rises, more search and less consumption is done. The general model is adapted to special cases. Among other things, this shows that lin- ear utility and sequential search implies ex ante calculable reservation prices and consumption only when search stops. However, this characterization is a consequence of the restriction to linear utility. Outside of this context reservation prices and consumption may not be calculable, ex ante.

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Paper Number
95-09
Year
1995